Werkzeug started as a simple collection of various utilities for WSGI applications and has become one of the most advanced WSGI utility modules.

Werkzeug includes a powerful debugger, full featured request and response objects, HTTP utilities to handle entity tags, cache control headers, HTTP dates, cookie handling, file uploads, a powerful URL routing system and a bunch of community contributed addon modules.

Werkzeug is unicode aware and doesn't enforce a specific template engine, database adapter or anything else. Werkzeug doesn't even enforce a specific way of handling requests and will just leave all that up to the developer.

Werkzeug is most useful for end user applications which should work on as many server environments as possible (such as blogs, wikis, bulletin boards, etc.).

Here are some key features of "Werkzeug":

· unicode awareness
· request and response objects
· various utility functions for dealing with HTTP headers such as Accept and Cache-Control headers.
· thread local objects with proper cleanup at request end
· an interactive debugger
· wrapper around wsgiref that works around some of the limitations and bugs, adds threading and fork support for test environments and adds an automatic reloader.
· a flexible URL routing system with REST support.
· fully WSGI compatible

Requirements:

· Python 2.4 or later

What's New in This Release: [ read full changelog ]

· requires Python 2.4 now
· fixed a bug in :class:`~contrib.IterIO`
· added :class:`MIMEAccept` and :class:`CharsetAccept` that work like the regular :class:`Accept` but have extra special normalization for mimetypes and charsets and extra convenience methods.
· switched the serving system from wsgiref to something homebrew.
· the :class:`Client` now supports cookies.
· added the :mod:`~werkzeug.contrib.fixers` module with various fixes for webserver bugs and hosting setup side-effects.
· added :mod:`werkzeug.contrib.wrappers`
· added :func:`is_hop_by_hop_header`
· added :func:`is_entity_header`
· added :func:`remove_hop_by_hop_headers`
· added :func:`pop_path_info`
· added :func:`peek_path_info`
· added :func:`wrap_file` and :class:`FileWrapper`
· moved `LimitedStream` from the contrib package into the regular werkzeug one and changed the default behavior to raise exceptions rather than stopping without warning. The old class will stick in the module until 0.6.
· implemented experimental multipart parser that replaces the old CGI hack.
· added :func:`dump_options_header` and :func:`parse_options_header`
· added :func:`quote_header_value` and :func:`unquote_header_value`
· :func:`url_encode` and :func:`url_decode` now accept a separator argument to switch between `&` and `;` as pair separator. The magic switch is no longer in place.
· all form data parsing functions as well as the :class:`BaseRequest` object have parameters (or attributes) to limit the number of incoming bytes (either totally or per field).
· added :class:`LanguageAccept`
· request objects are now enforced to be read only for all collections.
· added many new collection classes, refactored collections in general.
· test support was refactored, semi-undocumented `werkzeug.test.File` was replaced by :class:`werkzeug.FileStorage`.
· :class:`EnvironBuilder` was added and unifies the previous distinct :func:`create_environ`, :class:`Client` and :meth:`BaseRequest.from_values`. They all work the same now which is less confusing.
· officially documented imports from the internal modules as undefined behavior. These modules were never exposed as public interfaces.
· removed `FileStorage.__len__` which previously made the object falsy for browsers not sending the content length which all browsers do.
· :class:`SharedDataMiddleware` uses `wrap_file` now and has a configurable cache timeout.
· added :class:`CommonRequestDescriptorsMixin`
· added :attr:`CommonResponseDescriptorsMixin.mimetype_params`
· added :mod:`werkzeug.contrib.lint`
· added `passthrough_errors` to `run_simple`.
· added `secure_filename`
· added :func:`make_line_iter`
· :class:`MultiDict` copies now instead of revealing internal lists to the caller for `getlist` and iteration functions that return lists.
· added :attr:`follow_redirect` to the :func:`open` of :class:`Client`.
· added support for `extra_files` in :func:`~werkzeug.script.make_runserver`